Ibisobanuro bya Defocus Ikimenyetso
"Defocus" nikimenyetso cyingenzi cyo gutanga ibitekerezo gishobora guhindura uburyo bwo gukura bwijisho ryamaso. Niba defocus stimulation itangwa no kwambara lens mugihe cyo gukura kwijisho, ijisho rizakura ryerekeje kumwanya wikimenyetso cya defocus kugirango ugere kuri emmetropiya.
Kurugero, niba lens ya conge yambarwa kumaso akura kugirango ashyiremo defocus mbi (ni ukuvuga, intumbero iri inyuma ya retina), kugirango intumbero igwe kuri retina, ijisho rizakura vuba, rizateza imbere iterambere rya myopiya. Niba lens ya convex yambarwa, ijisho ryakira defocus nziza, umuvuduko wo gukura kwijisho ryijisho uzagabanuka, kandi bizatera imbere bigana hyperopiya.
Uruhare rwibimenyetso bya Defocus
Byagaragaye ko ibimenyetso bya defocus bya retina ya peripheri bigira uruhare runini muguhuza imikurire niterambere ryijisho ryijisho, cyane cyane mugihe ibimenyetso byerekanwa hagati na periferique bidahuye, ibimenyetso bya peripheri bizaba byiganje. Muyandi magambo, ibimenyetso bya defocus ya periferique bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumabwiriza ya emmetropisation kuruta leta nkuru ya defocus!
Abashakashatsi bemeza ko iyo bambaye ibirahuri bisanzwe byerekanwa rimwe, icyerekezo nyamukuru gishushanywa kuri retina, ariko icyerekezo cya peripheri kigaragara inyuma ya retina. Retina ya peripheri yakira ikimenyetso cya hyperopic defocus, itera umurongo w'amaso gukura na myopiya ikomera.
Igishushanyo cy'ibirahure bya defocus
Ibirahuri byinshi-byohereza ibirahuri bya defocus byateguwe kandi bikozwe hakurikijwe ihame rya periferique myopia defocus, kugirango ishusho ya peripheri ishobora kugwa imbere ya retina. Muri iki gihe, amakuru yoherejwe kumaso azadindiza imikurire yijisho ryijisho. Ubushakashatsi butandukanye bwerekanye ko ingaruka zayo zo kurwanya myopiya zifitanye isano neza nigihe cyo kwambara, kandi birasabwa kuyambara amasaha arenga 12 kumunsi.
Ubushakashatsi ku nini nini ya optique defocus myopia yerekana ko defocus-kure-yerekana amashusho ya retina yihutisha gukura kwijisho ryijisho, biganisha ku kurambura ijisho no gukura kwa myopiya. Ibinyuranye, hafi-kureba-defocus y'amashusho ya retina bidindiza gukura kw'amaso. Ingingo yibanze igwa imbere ya retina bitewe na defocus hafi-irashobora kubona umuvuduko wo gukura kwijisho ariko ntishobora kugabanya uburebure bwa axial.
Kubangavu bafite uburebure bwijisho ryijisho ritarenza 24mm, icyerekezo cyiza cya myopic defocus hamwe no gukumira no kugenzura birashobora kwemeza uburebure busanzwe bwijisho ryumuntu mukuru. Ariko, kubantu bafite uburebure bwijisho rirenga 24mm, uburebure bwa axial ntibushobora kugabanywa.
Micro-lens yumucyo kumurongo wamaso yerekana ibimenyetso bya myopic defocus imbere yijisho, bikaba urufunguzo rwo kugabanya iterambere rya myopiya. Ariko, kuba hari micro-lens kuri lens ntabwo byanze bikunze byemeza gukora neza; micro-lens igomba kubanza gukora neza. Kubwibyo, tekinoloji yo gutunganya no gutunganya micro-lens kuri lens nayo igerageza ubukorikori nikoranabuhanga ryamasosiyete akora.
Igishushanyo cya Micro-Lens nyinshi
Hamwe no kugaragara kwa "defocus theory", abakora lens nini bakoze ubwoko butandukanye bwa defocus. Mu myaka ibiri ishize, intumbero ya micro-lens defocus lens nayo yatangijwe umwe umwe. Nubwo byose ari byinshi byibanda kuri defocus lens, hariho itandukaniro rikomeye mubishushanyo n'umubare w'ibyerekezo.
1. Gusobanukirwa Micro-Lens
Iyo wambaye amadarubindi y'amaso, urumuri ruva kure rushobora kugwa kuri fovea, igice cyo hagati cya retina. Nyamara, urumuri ruva kuri peripheri, nyuma yo kunyura mumurongo umwe, ntirugera kumurongo umwe wa retina. Kubera ko retina ifite curvature, amashusho avuye kuri peripheri agwa inyuma ya retina. Kuri ubu, ubwonko burimo ubwenge. Iyo yakiriye ibi bitera imbaraga, retina izahita yerekeza ku ishusho yikintu, bigatuma ijisho ryikura risubira inyuma, bigatuma urugero rwa myopiya rwiyongera.
Ni ngombwa kumenya:
1. Retina ifite umurimo wo gukura werekeza ku ishusho.
2. Niba ishusho ya cornea yo hagati iguye kumwanya wa retina, mugihe ishusho ya peripheri igwa inyuma ya retina, bizatera defocus kure.
Imikorere ya micro-lens ni ugukoresha ihame ryo guhuza urumuri hiyongereyeho lens nziza nziza muri peripheri kugirango ukurure amashusho ya periferi imbere ya retina. Ibi bitanga icyerekezo gisobanutse neza mugihe cyemerera amashusho ya periferique kugwa mugice cyambere cya retina, bigatera igikurura kuri retina hagamijwe gukumira no kugenzura.
Ni ngombwa kumenya:
1. Yaba ari lens ya periferique ya periferique cyangwa micro-lens yibanda cyane, byombi bikurura amashusho ya peripheri imbere ya retina kugirango ikore periferique myopic defocus mugihe ikomeza icyerekezo cyo hagati.
2. Ingaruka ziratandukanye bitewe nubunini bwa defocus yamashusho ya periferi igwa imbere ya retina.
2. Igishushanyo mbonera cya Micro-Concave
Mugihe cyo kugaragara kwinshi-kwibanda kuri micro-defocus, turashobora kubona ingingo nyinshi za micro-defocus, zigizwe ninzira yihariye. Urebye uburyo bugezweho bwo gushushanya, linzira zifatika zirashobora kugabanywamo ibice: ingufu imwe ya spherical lens, lens nkeya idafite micro-defocus, hamwe na lisansi ndende itari mikorobe (hamwe n’itandukaniro rikomeye ryimbaraga hagati yikigo na peripheri).
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2. Niba ibimenyetso biri imbere ya retina bisobanutse neza, birashobora gutoranywa nkikimenyetso cyibanze cyo kureba hafi yo kureba, bigatuma amashusho yakurikiyeho atareba kure.
Ibyiza byo gukoresha lens zo hejuru zitari micro-defocus:
1. Gutera ingorane zo gufata amashusho kubwonko mu kudakora intumbero, abana ntibazibanda bakoresheje micro-lens, ariko bazahitamo ubwigenge kwibanda kubice bisobanutse hagati yakarere rwagati na peripheri.
2. Gukora myopic defocus ifite ubugari nubugari, biganisha ku gukwega gukomeye no kunoza imikorere ya myopiya.
3. Ingaruka zo Kureba hamwe na Lens ya Micro-Concave
Ikibazo gihangayikishijwe cyane no kugenzura indwara ya myopiya hamwe na micro-lens ni uko abana bashobora kwibanda ku bintu bakoresheje micro-lens, bishobora kugira ingaruka mbi zikurikira:
1. Guhitamo hafi yo kureba nkibimenyetso nyamukuru biboneka
2. Kubona ibintu nabi
3. Kwambara igihe kirekire bigira ingaruka kumahinduka
4. Kuganisha kumahinduka adasanzwe no guhuza guhuza
5. Kugenzura myopia idafite akamaro iyo ureba ibintu biri hafi
Mu gusoza
Hamwe nubwiyongere butandukanye bwa micro-defocus lens, guhitamo igikwiye biba ikibazo. Hatitawe ku gishushanyo mbonera cya lens, intego ni ugukora ishusho isobanutse kuri retina mugihe hagumyeho ibimenyetso bya myopic defocus bihamye kandi bihamye imbere ya retina kugirango bidindiza iterambere rya myopiya no kurambura amaso. Ubukorikori, ikoranabuhanga, hamwe nubwishingizi bufite ireme rya micro-defocus lens ni ngombwa. Indiririzo zidafite ubuziranenge ntizishobora gusa kudindiza iterambere rya myopiya no kurambura axial ariko kwambara igihe kirekire birashobora kugira ingaruka ku guhinduka, biganisha ku guhuza bidasanzwe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-21-2024