Eyeglasses, igihangano kidasanzwe cyahinduye ubuzima bwa miriyoni, gifite amateka akomeye kandi ashimishije yamaze ibinyejana byinshi. Kuva mu ntangiriro zabo zicisha bugufi kugeza udushya twa none, reka dutangire urugendo rwuzuye binyuze mu bwihindurize bw'amaso.
Inkomoko ya kera
Imizi yindorerwamo yijisho irashobora kuva mumico ya kera. Muri Roma ya kera, ahagana mu kinyejana cya 1 nyuma ya Yesu, hakoreshejwe ikirahure kinini kugira ngo wongere icyerekezo. Ubu buryo bwo gukura bwashizeho urufatiro rwo kwiteza imbere.
Intambwe yo Hagati
Mu gihe cyagati rwagati niho indorerwamo z'amaso zatangiye kumera nkuko tubizi muri iki gihe. Mu kinyejana cya 13, umumonaki wo mu Butaliyani witwa Salvino D'Armate azwiho kuba yarahimbye amadarubindi ya mbere yambara. Ibirahuri byambere byari bigizwe ninzira ebyiri za convex zifatanijwe hamwe n'ikaramu yari ihagaze ku kiraro cyizuru. Byakoreshejwe cyane cyane mugukosora kure, kutabona neza.
Iterambere Rishya
Igihe cya Renaissance cyabonye iterambere ryinshi mubijyanye na optique n'amadarubindi. Mu kinyejana cya 16, hashyizweho linzira zifatika kugira ngo zikosore neza. Iri terambere ryemereye abantu bafite ubumuga bwo kutabona bungukirwa n'amadarubindi.
Muri kiriya gihe, indorerwamo z'amaso nazo zabaye imvugo yimyambarire mu ntore. Amakadiri akozwe mu byuma by'agaciro, nka zahabu na feza, ashushanyijeho ibishushanyo mbonera, yabaye ikimenyetso cy'ubutunzi n'umwanya.
Impinduramatwara mu nganda n’umusaruro rusange
Impinduramatwara mu nganda mu kinyejana cya 18 yahinduye umusaruro w'amaso. Hamwe n’imashini nubuhanga bwo gukora byinshi, indorerwamo zamaso zarahendutse kandi zigera kubantu benshi. Kwinjiza amakadiri yicyuma hamwe nubushobozi bwo gukora lens muburyo butandukanye no mubunini byongereye uburyo bwo kubona abambara amadarubindi.
Kuzamuka kwa Optometrie
Mu kinyejana cya 19, urwego rwa optometrie rwagaragaye, rwibanda kuri siyanse yo gukosora iyerekwa. Optometriste yagize uruhare runini mukwandika no guhuza indorerwamo z'amaso, kwemeza ko abantu bahawe lenseri ikwiye kubyo bakeneye byihariye. Uku kwimenyereza umwuga w'amaso akwiranye no kwandikirwa byaranze intambwe ikomeye mu iterambere ry'amaso.
Udushya tugezweho
Ikinyejana cya 20 cyazanye udushya twinshi mu ndorerwamo z'amaso. Mu ntangiriro ya 1900, kwinjiza amakadiri ya pulasitike byahinduye inganda. Ibi bikoresho byoroheje kandi biramba byasimbuye ibyuma gakondo, bitanga ihumure nuburyo bwo guhitamo.
Mu kinyejana cya 20 rwagati, iterambere ry’inzira zateye imbere ryatanze inzibacyuho hagati y’ahantu hatandukanye, bikuraho ibikenerwa byinshi by’ibirahure. Byongeye kandi, gukoresha ibikoresho bya lens bigezweho, nka polyakarubone na plastike yerekana indangagaciro, byaviriyemo lens yoroheje kandi yoroshye, byongera ihumure nuburanga.
Menyesha Lens hamwe no Kubaga Laser
Igice cya nyuma cyikinyejana cya 20 cyabonye ubundi buryo bwo gukosora iyerekwa, nko guhuza amaso no kubaga amaso ya laser. Ihuza ry'itumanaho ryatanze uburyo butabangamira abashaka kwirinda kwambara amadarubindi. Ku rundi ruhande, kubaga amaso ya Laser, byatanze igisubizo gihoraho ku bibazo byo kureba mu guhindura cornea.
Mugihe ubwo buryo butandukanye bwamamaye, indorerwamo zamaso zagumye zikoreshwa cyane kandi zoroshye zo gukosora iyerekwa bitewe nuburyo bworoshye bwo gukoresha, guhendwa, na kamere idatera.
Ibizaza
Mugihe turebye ahazaza, inganda zamaso zikomeje gutera imbere. Kwinjiza ikoranabuhanga mu ndorerwamo z'amaso biragenda biba rusange. Ibirahuri byubwenge, bifite ubushobozi bwukuri bwongerewe imbaraga, birategurwa kugirango ubuzima bwacu bwa buri munsi butangwe, butanga ibintu nkibihe nyabyo byerekana amakuru hamwe n’itumanaho ridafite amaboko.
Iterambere mubikoresho siyanse irashobora kuganisha kumajyambere ndetse no kumurongo woroshye kandi uramba, bigatuma amadarubindi yoroha kwambara. Ikigeretse kuri ibyo, ikoreshwa rya nanotehnologiya rifite ubushobozi bwo kwiyobora ubwayo ihita ihindura imiterere yumucyo, itanga icyerekezo cyiza mugihe cyose.
Mu gusoza, ubwihindurize bw'amadarubindi ni gihamya yo guhanga abantu no gushaka kunoza ibyo twabonye. Kuva inkomoko yabo ya kera kugeza iterambere rya kijyambere, indorerwamo z'amaso zigeze kure. Mugihe ikoranabuhanga rikomeje gutera imbere, turashobora gutegereza gusa izindi ntambwe zizadufasha kuzamura icyerekezo cyacu no kuzamura imibereho ya miriyoni kwisi yose.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-03-2023