Astigmatism n'indwara y'amaso ikunze kugaragara, ubusanzwe iterwa no kugabanuka kwa corneal.Astigmatism iba ahanini ivutse, kandi hamwe na hamwe, astigmatism irashobora kubaho mugihe chalazion yigihe kirekire ihagarika ijisho igihe kirekire.Astigmatism, kimwe na myopiya, ntishobora kugaruka.Mubisanzwe, astigmatism iri hejuru ya dogere 300 yitwa astigmatism yo hejuru.
Hariho ibibazo byinshi bifitanye isano nikirahure kinini cya astigmatism, cyane cyane kubana ningimbi.Mubikorwa nyabyo, optique yacu ikunze guhura nabantu bafite astigmatism yo hejuru.Ni ngombwa cyane guhitamo linzira ikwiye.
Itandukaniro ryerekana amashusho hagati ya astigmatism na myopia
Imiterere ya cornea ntisanzwe, ntabwo ari serefegitura ahubwo ni ellipsoidal.Imbaraga zivunika mubyerekezo bihagaritse kandi icyerekezo gitambitse kiratandukanye.Nkigisubizo, nyuma yumucyo wo hanze wangijwe na cornea, ntishobora gukora intumbero iyo yinjiye imbere yijisho.Ahubwo, ikora umurongo wibanze, itera retina kuri Projection itagaragara, itera kubura amaso.Ibibazo hamwe na astigmatism, cyane cyane astigmatisme yoroheje, ntibishobora kugira ingaruka nini mubyerekezo, ariko urwego rwo hejuru rwa astigmatism rwose ruzagira ingaruka mubyerekezo.
Myopia ibaho iyo urumuri ruringaniye rwinjiye mumaso kandi rukangwa na sisitemu yo kwangirika kwijisho.Intego yibishusho ntishobora kugwa kuri retina, bitera ikibazo cyo kutabona neza kure.Hariho itandukaniro ryingenzi mumashusho ya myopiya na astigmatism, kandi biratandukanye cyane muburyo bwo kureba.Abantu benshi ntibabyumva bihagije, bitera urujijo.
Hariho umubare muto w'abarwayi bafite astigmatism yoroshye, kandi benshi muribo bafite hafi ya astigmatism cyangwa astigmatism ya kure.Mubikorwa bya optometrie, ni ngombwa cyane cyane gutanga ubugororangingo bushingiye ku gutandukanya amashusho hagati ya astigmatism na myopia.
Ibisobanuro no kwigaragaza kwa astigmatism yo hejuru
Uburemere bwa astigmatism bugabanijwe ukurikije urwego.Astigmatism iri munsi ya dogere 150 ni astigmatisme yoroheje, astigmatism iri hagati ya dogere 150 na 300 ni astigmatisme igereranije, naho astigmatism iri hejuru ya dogere 300 ni astigmatism.Astigmatism yo hejuru irashobora gutera ingaruka mbi mumaso yacu:
1. Tera kubabara umutwe, kubabara amaso, nibindi.: Astigmatism yo hejuru idakosowe birashoboka cyane gutera umutwe, kubabara amaso, nibindi.Kubwibyo, abafite astigmatism ikabije bagomba gukosorwa.
2. Umunaniro ugaragara: Bitewe nububasha butandukanye bwo gukurura buri meridian, astigmatism ntishobora gukora intumbero mugihe ikuraho urumuri ruringaniye, ariko imirongo ibiri yibanze, ubwonko rero bukunda gusobanura ibintu.Kugirango ubone ibiboneka neza, astigmatism igomba guhindurwa uko bishoboka kwose kugirango igabanye ubunini bwuruziga rwo gukwirakwiza kugirango ireme ryiza.Astigmatism yo hejuru, niba idakosowe neza cyangwa idafite ibirahure, irashobora gutera byoroshye kubabara umutwe, umunaniro ugaragara nibindi bimenyetso, bigatuma byoroha kugira umunaniro ugaragara..
3. Iyerekwa ridahwitse ryibintu biri hafi na kure: Abantu bafite astigmatism ikabije bafite icyerekezo kidasobanutse cyibintu bya kure cyangwa hafi.Akenshi abarwayi bafite akamenyero ko gufunga igice cy'amaso no kwikubita mu cyuho kugirango babone ibintu neza.bisobanutse.
4. Gutakaza iyerekwa: Mu maso ya astigmatique, intego yo kureba mu cyerekezo kure yumurongo wibanze wa retina izahinduka ibara ryamabara, impande zijimye, kandi bizagorana kubimenya.Iyerekwa rizagabanuka, kandi mubihe bikomeye, iyerekwa kabiri rizabaho.Usibye astigmatisme ya physiologique, ubwoko bwose bwa astigmatism burashobora gutera kubura amaso.
5. Umuvuduko kumaso: Astigmatism ikosorwa mubirahuri bisanzwe cyangwa lens ya contact.Niba ihahamuka na chalazion kumaso bitavuwe mugihe, bizakandamiza ijisho igihe kirekire kandi bitera astigmatism.Rimwe na rimwe, astigmatism irashobora kandi guhuzwa na pseudomyopia.Menya ko igice cya pseudomyopia kigomba kuvaho, kandi astigmatism irashobora gukosorwa hamwe nikirahure.
6. Amblyopia: Indwara ikunze kugaragara muri astigmatisme yo hejuru, cyane cyane hyperopic astigmatism.Kuberako bigoye kubona kure na hafi neza, kandi iyerekwa ntirishobora gukoreshwa, amblyopia ikunda kubaho, hanyuma strabismus ikunda kubaho.
Ikirahure kinini cyane
Lens ya astigmatic cyane iragoye kuyikora kubera imbaraga zimbitse.Kubwibyo, astigmatism yo hejuru irashobora kuba ifite ibikoresho byinshi-byangirika byerekana indangururamajwi hamwe n'ibishushanyo mbonera, kugirango bitagaragara.Twabibutsa ko lens hamwe na astigmatism yo hejuru isanzwe igizwe nurutonde.Iyo hejuru ya astigmatism, niko bigoye kuyitunganya, kandi nibintu bigoye bigomba gutegurwa.Kuri astigmatism yo hejuru cyane, ibipimo byikaramu nabyo bigomba gutangwa kugirango bifashe mugushushanya.
Mugihe uhisemo amakadiri, ugomba kandi gutekereza kubidasanzwe biranga ultra-high astigmatism.Kubera ko ubugari bwurugero rwa astigmatism lens zitandukanye cyane, ugomba kwitonda cyane muguhitamo amakadiri.Hitamo titanium cyangwa titanium alloy frame hamwe na diametre ntoya ihindagurika kandi ikomeye ikomeye.Urashobora kandi guhitamo fibre ya acetate cyangwa plaque yamashanyarazi hamwe no kugabanuka neza.rindira.
Ntabwo ari byiza guhitamo ikadiri cyangwa igice-ikadiri.Nibyiza guhitamo ibice byuzuye.Mugihe cyo gutunganya no gukora, witondere byumwihariko ikibazo cyo gutandukana kwinzira ihindura astigmatism axis ya lens kubera tekinoroji idahwitse nibikoresho bihamye.
Nigute ushobora guhitamo amakadiri akomeye:
A. Shyira imbere ibikoresho byoroheje
Uburemere bwibikoresho bikoreshwa ni kimwe mubintu bigira ingaruka kuburemere bwibirahure.Kubantu bafite myopiya ndende, mugihe uhisemo amakadiri, urashobora kwita cyane kubikoresho nka titanium yera, karubone ya tungsten, amabati yoroheje, na TR90.Amakadiri akozwe muri ibyo bikoresho muri rusange yoroshye kandi yoroshye kwambara.Byoroshye cyane, biramba kandi ntabwo byoroshye guhinduka.
B. Ikadiri yuzuye> Igice cya kabiri> Ikadiri idafite
Ubusanzwe astigmatisme ifite lens nini cyane, kandi amakadiri atagira umurongo na kimwe cya kabiri kizagaragaza ibyerekezo, bitagira ingaruka kumiterere gusa, ahubwo binatuma ama frame yoroha guhinduka, bigatera impinduka mumwanya uri hagati yibirahuri hamwe na astigmatism axis ya lens, bigira ingaruka ku gukosora.Abantu bafite astigmatism yo hejuru nibyiza guhitamo ibice byuzuye.
C. Ikadiri nini ntabwo ari amahitamo meza
Abantu bambara amadarubindi manini manini igihe kirekire barashobora kugabanuka kwerekwa no kugabanuka kwicyerekezo.Kubambara igihe kirekire birashobora gutera umutwe no kuzunguruka.Ibirahure binini biremereye muri rusange biremereye kandi ntibikwiriye kubantu bafite myopiya ndende.Kwambara igihe kirekire bizashyira ingufu nyinshi kumazuru, bishobora kuganisha byoroshye guhindura ikiraro cyizuru mugihe.
Hano haribintu byinshi byingenzi kuri optometrie nikirahure, nka diopter nintera ya interpupillary.Mugihe wambaye ibirahuri binini binini, ugomba kwitondera byumwihariko niba intera intera ijyanye na centre ya lens ebyiri ihuye nintera yumunyeshuri wijisho ryawe.Niba hari gutandukana, niyo kwandikirwa ibirahuri ari byo, uzumva bitameze neza nyuma yo kwambara ibirahure.Gerageza guhitamo ikadiri ifite ubugari buto bw'indorerwamo, kandi ugerageze kugumana uburebure bwo hejuru no hepfo buto, kugirango ihumure ritazagabanuka kubera guhindagurika kwa periferiya.
D. Hitamo ikadiri ifite intera iri hagati yijisho.
Intera yijisho ryijisho ryerekana intera iri hagati yinyuma yinyuma yinteguza na vertex yimbere ya cornea.Inzira zo gukosora Astigmatism ninzira ya silindrike.Niba intera yijisho ryiyongera, imbaraga zingirakamaro zo kugabanuka zizagabanuka (uko urwego ruri hejuru, niko kugabanuka), kandi iyerekwa ryakosowe naryo rizagabanuka.kugabanuka.Intera iri hagati yijisho ryikirahure cya astigmatique cyane igomba kuba nto ishoboka.Kubireba imiterere yuburyo bwo gutoranya no guhinduranya ikadiri, ugomba kugerageza guhitamo izuru cyangwa lens hamwe nintera igereranije hagati yijisho.
E. Ntugahitemo amakadiri afite insengero zoroshye
Niba insengero ari ntoya cyane, imbaraga kumbere ninyuma yikigero ntizaba zingana, bigatuma byoroha ko ikadiri iba iremereye kandi igashyira uburemere bwinshi ku kiraro cyizuru, bigatuma ibirahuri bitembera hasi byoroshye kandi bigira ingaruka kumyambarire.Niba ufite astigmatism (cyane cyane abafite astigmatisme iringaniye kandi ihanitse), mugihe uhisemo ibirahure, ugomba guhitamo amakadiri akwiranye nintera ihuriweho.
Ingaruka ya astigmatism axis kumwanya wikirahure
Inzira ya astigmatism ni dogere 1-180.Nzibanda ku guhitamo amakadiri ya axigmatism ya 180 na 90.
Ubwa mbere dukeneye kumenya ko axigmatism axis iri kuri 180 °, hanyuma ubunini buri kuri 90 ° (icyerekezo gihagaritse).Kubwibyo, uburebure bwikadiri twahisemo ntibugomba kuba hejuru.Niba duhisemo ikadiri ifite ikadiri yo hasi, ubunini mubyerekezo bihagaritse bizashira, kandi ibisubizo bivamo bizaba bisanzwe byoroshye kandi byoroshye.(Niba ikadiri ari ndende, mubisanzwe bizaba ari uruziga; niba ikadiri iri hasi, mubisanzwe bizaba ari kare.)
Ibinyuranye, niba umurongo uhagaze ari 90, ubunini buzaba 180 (icyerekezo gitambitse).Akenshi igice cyacu kinini cyane kiri hanze, kandi ubunini bwa astigmatism bwongewe hanze, bityo umubyimba urakabije.Kubwibyo, ikadiri igomba kuba ntoya kandi yoroheje, ni ukuvuga, uko wegera igiteranyo cyubugari bwa lens ubugari + hagati yubugari bwurumuri ni intera yawe hagati, bizaba byoroshye.Birakenewe guhitamo indangagaciro ndende kugirango ubunini butagaragara.
Mu guhuza ibirahuri, "ihumure" na "gusobanuka" akenshi bivuguruzanya kandi bigoye kwiyunga.Uku kwivuguruza kugaragara cyane kubirahuri hamwe na astigmatism.Kugaragara bisaba guhuza n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere, ariko ihumure ntirisobanura byanze bikunze.Kurugero, kutambara ibirahure nibyiza cyane, ariko rwose ntibisobanutse.
Ikirahure hamwe na astigmatism yo hejuru irumva cyane kandi bisaba kwitabwaho neza muri optometrie no kwandikirwa.Mugihe uhuye na astigmatism yo hejuru, ugomba kwitondera guhuza ikadiri / lens hamwe nimpamyabumenyi ya astigmatism hamwe na axis kugirango wirinde kwinubira abakiriya no kutamererwa neza kubera ibibazo byibicuruzwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-17-2023