Vuba aha, umwanditsi yahuye n'ikibazo cyihariye. Mu gihe cyo gusuzuma amaso, kureba k'umwana kwari kwiza cyane iyo amaso yombi yapimwaga. Ariko, mu gusuzuma buri jisho ukwaryo, byagaragaye ko ijisho rimwe ryari rifite myopia ya -2.00D, ariko ntiryirengagijwe. Kubera ko ijisho rimwe ryashoboraga kubona neza mu gihe irindi ritashoboraga kubona, byari byoroshye ko iki kibazo cyirengagizwa. Kwirengagiza myopia mu jisho rimwe bishobora gutuma myopia yiyongera vuba, gutera anisometropia yo mu maso yombi, ndetse no gutangira kwa strabismus.
Ibi ni ibisanzwe aho ababyeyi batahise babona ikibazo cy’amaso mu jisho rimwe ry’umwana. Ijisho rimwe ridafite ubushobozi bwo kureba kure, irindi ridafite ubushobozi bwo kureba kure, rigaragaza uburyo bwo kwihisha cyane.
Impamvu zitera Myopia ya Monocular
Ubushobozi bwo kureba mu maso yombi ntabwo buri gihe buba buringaniye neza; akenshi hari itandukaniro mu mbaraga zo gusubiza inyuma bitewe n'ibintu nk'imiterere y'umubiri, imikurire nyuma yo kubyara, n'ingeso zo kureba.
Uretse ibintu bikomoka ku ngirabuzimafatizo, ibintu bikomoka ku bidukikije ni byo biyitera. Iterambere rya myopia imwe ntabwo ari ako kanya ahubwo ni inzira igenda buhoro buhoro uko igihe kigenda gihita. Iyo amaso ahinduye hagati yo kureba hafi na kure, hari inzira yo guhindura izwi nka accommodation. Kimwe n'aho kamera yibanda, amaso amwe yibanda vuba mu gihe andi abikora buhoro buhoro, bigatuma habaho urwego rutandukanye rwo kumva neza. Myopia ni ikimenyetso cy'ibibazo byo kwihuza n'aho umuntu atuye, aho amaso ananirwa kwihuza n'aho areba ibintu biri kure.
Itandukaniro mu mbaraga zo kurekura amaso hagati y’amaso yombi, cyane cyane iyo itandukaniro riri rinini, rishobora kumvikana muri ubu buryo bukurikira: Nk’uko buri wese afite ikiganza gikomeye kandi gikoreshwa kenshi, amaso yacu nayo afite ijisho rigenga. Ubwonko bushyira imbere amakuru aturuka mu jisho rigenga, biganisha ku iterambere ryiza. Abantu benshi bafite ubushobozi bwo kureba butandukanye muri buri jisho; ndetse no mu gihe nta ndwara yo kurebesha amaso, hashobora kubaho itandukaniro mu bushobozi bwo kureba hagati y’amaso yombi.
Ingeso mbi zo kureba zishobora gutera indwara ya monocular myopia. Urugero, kurara ureba imikino yo kuri televiziyo cyangwa gusoma ibitabo, cyangwa kuryama kukimweKu ruhande mu gihe ureba bishobora kugira uruhare muri iyi ndwara. Niba urwego rwa myopia mu jisho rimwe ari ruto, ruri munsi ya dogere 300, bishobora kutagira ingaruka nini. Ariko, niba urwego rwa myopia mu jisho rimwe ruri hejuru, rurenze dogere 300, ibimenyetso nko kunanirwa kw'amaso, kubabara amaso, kuribwa umutwe, n'ibindi bibazo bishobora kubaho.
Uburyo bworoshye bwo kumenya ijisho rinini:
1. Rambura amaboko yombi hanyuma ukore uruziga; reba ikintu unyuze mu ruziga. (Ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose kizagufasha, hitamo kimwe gusa).
2. Upfuke amaso yawe y'ibumoso n'ay'iburyo ukurikije uko ubyifuza, urebe niba ikintu kiri mu ruziga gisa n'ikigenda iyo ugirebye n'ijisho rimwe.
3. Mu gihe cyo kwitegereza, ijisho ikintu kinyuramo gake (cyangwa kitanyuramo na gato) ni ryo jisho ryawe ryiganje.
Gukosora Myopia ya Monocular
Indwara ya myopia ifata ijisho rimwe ishobora kugira ingaruka ku kureba kw'irindi jisho. Iyo ijisho rimwe ritabona neza kandi rigorwa no kubona neza, byanze bikunze rituma irindi jisho rikora cyane, bigatuma rirushaho kugorana ku jisho ryiza no kugabanuka k'ubushobozi bwo kureba. Ingorane imwe igaragara ya myopia ifata ijisho rimwe ni ukudasobanukirwa neza ibintu mu buryo bwimbitse iyo ureba ibintu n'amaso yombi. Ijisho rifite myopia ntirifite ubushobozi bwo kureba neza no kutabona neza, bityo rizagerageza gukoresha uburyo bwaryo bwo kureba neza. Guhagarara igihe kirekire bishobora kwihutisha iterambere rya myopia. Iyo ijisho rimwe ritakosoye myopia ifata ijisho rimwe ku gihe, ijisho rikomeza kwiyongera uko igihe kigenda gihita.
1. Kwambara indorerwamo
Ku bantu bafite ikibazo cyo kutabona neza mu jisho rimwe gusa, ingamba zo gukosora zishobora gufatwa mu buzima bwa buri munsi bambaye indorerwamo, bityo bikanoza ubumuga bwo kutabona buterwa no kutabona neza. Umuntu ashobora guhitamo kwambara indorerwamo akoresheje muganga w’ijisho rimwe gusa, mu gihe irindi jisho ritahawe muganga, ibi bikaba byafasha mu kugabanya ikibazo cyo kutabona neza nyuma yo gukosora.
2. Kubaga corneal refractive
Iyo hari itandukaniro rinini mu ikosa ryo gusubira inyuma hagati y'amaso yombi na myopia ya monocular ryagize ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bw'umuntu bwa buri munsi no ku kazi ke, kubaga cornea refractive bishobora kuba amahitamo yo gukosora. Uburyo busanzwe burimo kubaga laser na ICL (Implantable Collamer Lens). Uburyo butandukanye burakwiriye abarwayi batandukanye, kandi guhitamo neza bigomba gukorwa hashingiwe ku mimerere y'umuntu ku giti cye. Gukosora neza ni bwo buryo bwiza.
3. Indorerwamo zo mu bwoko bwa contact lenses
Hari abantu bashobora guhitamo kwambara indorerwamo z’amaso (contact lenses), zishobora guhindura imiterere y’amaso y’amaso y’imbere mu mubiri (myopia) mu buryo buciriritse (myopia) batiriwe bambara indorerwamo zikozwe mu matara. Ubu ni uburyo bwiza ku bantu bakunda imideli bafite ubumuga bwo kutabona neza.
Ingaruka mbi za Monocular Myopia
1. Kurushaho kugira umunaniro mu maso
Kubona ibintu binyuze mu maso mu by’ukuri ni umusaruro w’uko amaso yombi akora hamwe. Kimwe no kugenda n’amaguru abiri, iyo ukuguru kumwe kurenza ukundi, hazacurama mu gihe ugenda. Iyo hari itandukaniro rinini mu makosa yo gusubira inyuma, ijisho rimwe ryibanda ku bintu biri kure mu gihe irindi ryibanda ku bintu biri hafi, bigatuma ubushobozi bw’amaso yombi bwo kumenyera bugabanuka. Ibi bishobora gutuma umuntu ananirwa cyane, atakaza ubushobozi bwo kureba vuba, ndetse amaherezo agatangira kurwara indwara ya presbyopia.
2. Kugabanuka vuba mu kureba kw'ijisho ridafite imbaraga
Dukurikije ihame ryo "gukoresha cyangwa utakaze" mu ngingo z'umubiri, ijisho rifite ubushobozi bwo kureba neza ni ryo rikunze gukoreshwa, mu gihe ijisho ridafite ubushobozi bwo kureba, bitewe no kurikoresha gake, rigenda rigabanuka buhoro buhoro. Ibi bituma ijisho rirushaho kuba ribi, amaherezo bigira ingaruka ku kugabanuka k'ubushobozi bwo kureba bw'amaso yombi.
3. Iterambere rya Strabismic Amblyopia
Ku bana n'ingimbi bari mu cyiciro cy'iterambere ry'amaso, iyo hari itandukaniro rinini mu makosa yo kureba hagati y'amaso yombi, ijisho rifite ubushobozi bwo kureba neza ribona ibintu neza, mu gihe ijisho rifite ubushobozi bwo kureba nabi ribibona nk'aho ridafite ishusho. Iyo ijisho rimwe rimaze igihe kinini ridakoreshwa cyangwa ritakoreshejwe neza, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo ubwonko bubona amashusho meza, bityo bigahagarika imikorere y'ijisho ridafite imbaraga. Ingaruka ndende zishobora kugira ingaruka ku iterambere ry'imikorere y'amaso, bigatera kugaragara kwa strabismus cyangwa amblyopia.
Amaherezo
Abantu bafite ikibazo cy’amaso kidakira muri rusange baba bafite ingeso mbi zo kureba, nko kugorama cyangwa guhindukiza imitwe iyo bareba ibintu biri hafi yabo mu buzima bwa buri munsi. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, ibi bishobora gutera indwara ya monocular myopia. Ni ngombwa cyane cyane kwitondera ingeso z’amaso z’abana, kuko uburyo bafata ikaramu mu gihe biga nabwo ari ingenzi; imiterere idakwiye ishobora no gutuma habaho indwara ya monocular myopia. Ni ngombwa kurinda amaso, kwirinda umunaniro w’amaso, gufata ikiruhuko buri saha iyo usoma cyangwa ukoresha mudasobwa, kuruhuka amaso mu gihe cy’iminota icumi, kwirinda kwisiga amaso, no kugira isuku y’amaso.
Mu gihe umuntu afite ikibazo cy’indwara ya myopia ifata indorerwamo zo mu bwoko bwa monocular, indorerwamo zo mu bwoko bwa monocular zishobora kwitabwaho. Niba umuntu atarigeze yambara indorerwamo mbere, hashobora kubaho kumererwa nabi mu ntangiriro, ariko uko igihe kigenda gihita, ashobora kumenyera. Iyo hari itandukaniro rinini mu makosa yo kuvura amaso hagati y’amaso yombi, imyitozo yo kureba ishobora no kuba ngombwa kugira ngo hakemurwe ibibazo byo kureba mu maso yombi. Ni ngombwa guhora wambara indorerwamo kuri myopia ifata indorerwamo zo mu bwoko bwa monocular; bitabaye ibyo, itandukaniro mu kureba hagati y’amaso yombi rizagenda ryiyongera, bigatuma ubushobozi bw’amaso yombi bwo gukorana bugabanuka.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-12-2024