Indorerwamo z'amaso zizwi n'abantu benshi, kandi zigira uruhare runini mu gukosora indwara ya myopia mu ndorerwamo. Indorerwamo zifite imiterere itandukanye yo gusiga, nko gusiga icyatsi kibisi, gusiga ubururu, gusiga ubururu n'umuhengeri, ndetse no gusiga zahabu. Kwangirika no kwangirika kw'imiterere y'amaso ni imwe mu mpamvu nyamukuru zo gusimbuza indorerwamo z'amaso, reka tumenye byinshi ku miterere y'indorerwamo z'amaso.
Iterambere ry'ingufu zo gutwikira lenzi
Mbere yuko haboneka lense za resin, lense zarakoreshwaga cyane. Ibyiza bya lense za resin ni uko zifite ubushobozi bwo kurekura urumuri rwinshi, kohereza urumuri rwinshi, kandi zifite ubukana bwinshi, ariko kandi zifite n'ibibi nko kuba zishobora kwangirika, kuremerera no kutarinda umutekano.
Kugira ngo bakemure ibibazo by’indorerwamo z’ibirahuri, inganda zakoze ibikoresho bitandukanye byo gusimbura indorerwamo z’ibirahuri, ariko nta na kimwe cyiza. Buri gikoresho gifite ibyiza n’ibibi byacyo, kandi biragoye kugera ku buringanire. Ibi binareba indorerwamo z’ibirahuri zigezweho (ibikoresho bya resin).
Ku birahuri bya resin bigezweho, gusiga ni igikorwa gikenewe. Ibikoresho bya resin bifite ubwoko bwinshi, nka MR-7, MR-8, CR-39, PC, NK-55-C, n'ibindi bikoresho byinshi bya resin, buri kimwe gifite imiterere itandukanye. Nubwo byaba ari lens y'ikirahure cyangwa lens ya resin, urumuri runyura mu buso bwa lens ruzanyura mu bintu bitandukanye by'urumuri: kurekura, kurekura, kwinjiza, gukwirakwira, no kohereza.
Gusiga indorerwamo za lens hakoreshejwe agapira karinda urumuri
Mbere y'uko urumuri rugera ku buso bw'ikirahure, ruba rufite ingufu z'urumuri 100%, ariko iyo ruvuye muri icyo kirahure rukinjira mu jisho, ntabwo ruba rukiri ingufu z'urumuri 100%. Uko ingufu z'urumuri ziyongera, niko urumuri rurushaho koherezwa neza, kandi niko ubwiza n'ubushobozi bwo gufata amashusho birushaho kwiyongera.
Ku bikoresho byihariye bya lens, kugabanya igihombo cyo kugarura urumuri ni uburyo busanzwe bwo kongera uburyo urumuri ruhererekanwa. Uko urumuri rugaragara cyane, ni ko uburyo lens igenda igabanya ubushobozi bwo kwakira urumuri, bigatuma amashusho agaragara nabi. Kubwibyo, kugabanya ubushobozi bwo kwakira urumuri byabaye ikibazo lens zigomba gukemura, kandi filime irwanya urumuri (AR film) yashyizwe kuri lens (mu ntangiriro, hakoreshwaga irangi rirwanya urumuri ku mboni zimwe na zimwe).
Filimi irwanya urumuri ikoresha ihame ryo kubangamira urumuri kugira ngo ibone isano iri hagati y’ubukana bw’urumuri rw’icyiciro cya filime irwanya urumuri n’uburebure bw’urumuri rw’aho urumuri rugeze, ubunini bw’icyiciro cya filime, igipimo cyo kugarura urumuri cy’icyiciro cya filime, n’igipimo cyo kugarura urumuri cy’icyiciro cya filime, bigatuma urumuri runyura mu cyikiciro cya filime ruhagarara, bigabanya igihombo cy’ingufu z’urumuri ku buso bwa lensi no kunoza ubwiza n’ubushobozi bwo gufata amashusho.
Udupira two kurwanya urumuri akenshi dukoresha okiside z'icyuma zifite isuku nyinshi nka diokiside ya titanium na okiside ya kobalti, zishyirwa ku buso bw'ikirahuri binyuze mu nzira yo guhumeka (vacuum deposition) kugira ngo zigere ku ngaruka nziza zo kurwanya urumuri. Udupira two kurwanya urumuri akenshi dusiga ibisigazwa, kandi ibice byinshi bya filime biba biri mu ibara ry'icyatsi kibisi.
Ibara ry'ifirime irwanya urumuri rishobora kugenzurwa, urugero, kugira ngo hakorwe firime y'ubururu, firime y'ubururu-violet, firime y'umuhondo, firime y'ikijuju, n'ibindi. Inzego zitandukanye z'ifirime zifite itandukaniro mu buryo bwo gukora. Urugero, firime y'ubururu bivuze ko urumuri ruto rugomba kugenzurwa, kandi ingorane zo gusiga ni nyinshi kuruta firime y'icyatsi kibisi. Ariko, itandukaniro mu kohereza urumuri hagati y'ifirime y'ubururu n'icyatsi kibisi rishobora kuba munsi ya 1%.
Mu bicuruzwa bya lens, filime z'ubururu muri rusange zikunze kugaragara mu mboni zo hagati kugeza ku nini. Muri rusange, urumuri rw'filime z'ubururu ruri hejuru ugereranyije n'urw'icyatsi kibisi (menya ko ibi ari byo muri rusange) kuko urumuri ari uruvange rw'uburebure butandukanye bw'uburebure, kandi uburebure butandukanye bw'uburebure bufite aho buhurira butandukanye ku ishusho ya retina. Mu bihe bisanzwe, urumuri rw'umuhondo n'icyatsi kibisi rufatwa neza kuri retina, kandi amakuru aboneka atangwa n'urumuri rw'icyatsi kibisi ni menshi, bityo ijisho ry'umuntu rishobora kumva urumuri rw'icyatsi kibisi.
Gusiga ikirahuri gikomeye ku gipfundikizo
Uretse kohereza urumuri, resin n'ibikoresho by'ikirahure bifite ikibazo gikomeye: lenses ntabwo zikomeye bihagije.
Umuti ni ukubikemura wongeramo agapira gakomeye.
Ubukana bw'ubuso bw'indorerwamo z'ibirahuri buri hejuru cyane (muri rusange bigatuma hasigara uduce duto cyane iyo zishwanyagujwe n'ibintu bisanzwe), ariko si ko bimeze kuri indorerwamo za resin. Indorerwamo za resin zoroshye gushwanyaguzwa n'ibintu bikomeye, bigaragaza ko zidapfa kwangirika.
Kugira ngo lens irusheho kudashira neza, ni ngombwa kongeramo agace gakomeye k’urukiramende ku buso bwa lens. Agace gakomeye k’urukiramende gakunze gukoresha atome za silikoni mu gutunganya ubukomere, hakoreshejwe umuti wo gukomera urimo matrix ya organic na inorganic ultrafine particles harimo na silikoni. Agace gakomeye gafite ubukomere n’ubukana icyarimwe (urwego rwa filime ku buso bwa lens rurakomeye, kandi substrate ya lens ntiyoroha cyane, bitandukanye n’ikirahure gipfa kuvunika byoroshye).
Ikoranabuhanga rigezweho rigezweho ryo gusiga icyuma gikomeye ni ukwinjizwa mu kirere. Igikoresho gikomeye cyo gusiga icyuma ni kinini cyane, kingana na 3-5μm. Ku birahuri bya resin bifite icyuma gikomeye cyo gusiga icyuma, bishobora kumenyekana bitewe n'urusaku rwo gukanda kuri desktop ndetse n'urumuri rw'ibara rya lens. Ikirahuri gikora ijwi risobanutse neza kandi gifite impande zigaragara cyarakorewe gukomerera.
Gusiga indorerwamo agapira ko kwirinda kwangiza.
Filimi irinda urumuri n'icyuma gikomeye ni byo bintu bibiri by'ingenzi bikingira lenzi za resin muri iki gihe. Muri rusange, icyuma gikomeye kiba cyarabanje gutwikira, hagakurikiraho icyuma kirinda urumuri. Bitewe n'ubushobozi buke bw'ibikoresho birwanya urumuri, hari itandukaniro hagati y'ubushobozi bwo kurwanya urumuri n'ubwo kurwanya umwanda. Kubera ko icyuma kidahindura urumuri kiba kiri mu mwanya w'imyenge, gikunze kugira ibizinga ku buso bwa lenzi.
Umuti ni ukongeraho urwego rw'urupapuro rurwanya imyuka mibi hejuru y'urupapuro rurwanya imyuka mibi. Urupapuro rurwanya imyuka mibi rugizwe ahanini na fluoride, rushobora gutwikira urwego rw'urupapuro rurwanya imyuka mibi, rugagabanya aho amazi, amavuta n'indorerwamo bihurira, ariko ntiruhindure imikorere y'urupapuro rurwanya imyuka mibi.
Kubera ko ibintu byinshi bikenerwa bigenda birushaho gutandukana, hakozwe urwego rw'amafilimi akoreshwa cyane, nka polarizing film, anti-static film, blue light protection film, anti-fog film, n'izindi urwego rw'amafilimi akoreshwa. Ibikoresho by'indorerwamo zimwe, lens imwe ifite refractive index, amoko atandukanye, ndetse no mu bwoko bumwe, hamwe n'ibikoresho bimwe, lens zitandukanye zifite itandukaniro ry'ibiciro, kandi lens coating ni imwe mu mpamvu. Hari itandukaniro mu ikoranabuhanga n'ubwiza bw'amafilimi.
Ku bwoko bwinshi bw'amabara atwikiriye firime, biragoye ku muntu usanzwe kumenya itandukaniro. Ariko, hari ubwoko bumwe bw'amabara aho ingaruka zishobora kugaragara byoroshye: amabara atwikiriye urumuri rw'ubururu (ikoranabuhanga rikunze gukoreshwa mu mabara atwikiriye urumuri rw'ubururu).
Ikirahuri cyiza cyo gufunga urumuri rw'ubururu gishungura urumuri rw'ubururu rwangiza ruri ku rugero rwa 380-460nm binyuze mu gice cya filime yo gufunga urumuri rw'ubururu. Ariko, hari itandukaniro mu mikorere nyayo mu bicuruzwa biva mu nganda zitandukanye. Ibicuruzwa bitandukanye bigaragaza itandukaniro mu mikorere yo gufunga urumuri rw'ubururu, ibara ry'ibanze, n'uburyo urumuri rukwirakwira, ibyo bikaba bitera ibiciro bitandukanye.
Ubwirinzi bwo gutwikira indorerwamo z'amabara
Irangi ry'indorerwamo rishobora kwangirika ku bushyuhe bwinshi. Irangi ry'indorerwamo ku ndangamuntu za resin rishyirwa nyuma kandi zose zisangiye intege nke: zishobora kwangirika ku bushyuhe bwinshi. Kurinda irangi ry'indorerwamo gutwikwa bishobora kongera igihe cy'ubuzima bw'indorerwamo. Ahantu hakurikira hashobora kwangiza irangi ry'indorerwamo:
1. Gushyira indorerwamo ku ibaraza ry'imodoka mu gihe cya saa sita mu mpeshyi.
2. Kwambara indorerwamo cyangwa kuzishyira hafi yawe uri gukoresha sauna, wiyuhagira, cyangwa wiyuhagira mu mazi ashyushye.
3. Guteka mu gikoni ku bushyuhe bwinshi bw'amavuta; iyo amavuta ashyushye asutse ku mboni, ashobora guhita aturika.
4. Iyo urya inkono ishyushye, iyo isupu ishyushye ijugunye ku mboni, ishobora guturika.
5. Gusiga indorerwamo hafi y'ibikoresho byo mu rugo bitanga ubushyuhe igihe kirekire, nk'amatara yo ku meza, televiziyo, n'ibindi.
Uretse ingingo zavuzwe haruguru, ni ngombwa kandi kwirinda ibinyobwa bikomeye bya aside cyangwa alkaline kugira ngo hirindwe ko amafuremu cyangwa lenzi zangirika.
Guturika kw'udupira tw'indorerwamo n'udusimba biratandukanye cyane. Guturika guterwa no guhura n'ubushyuhe bwinshi cyangwa ibinyobwa bya shimi, mu gihe guturika guterwa no gusukurwa nabi cyangwa ingaruka zo hanze.
Mu by’ukuri, indorerwamo ni ikintu cyoroshye cyane. Zishobora kwitwara neza iyo umuntu asunitswe n’igitutu, iyo aguye, iyo apfukamye, iyo ashyushye cyane, cyangwa iyo anywa amazi yangiza.
Kugira ngo urinde imikorere y'urukiramende rw'urukiramende, ni ngombwa:
1.Mu gihe ukuyemo indorerwamo zawe, zishyire mu gasanduku k'uburinzi hanyuma uzibike ahantu abana batabasha kugera.
2. Sukura ibirahuri ukoresheje isabune idafunze neza ukoresheje amazi akonje. Ntibyemewe gukoresha ikindi kintu icyo ari cyo cyose mu gusukura ibirahuri.
3.Muri ahantu hashyushye cyane (cyane cyane mu gihe cyo koga cyangwa guteka), ni byiza kwambara indorerwamo zishaje kugira ngo wirinde kwangirika kw'indorerwamo z'indorerwamo nshya.
Hari abantu bashobora koza ibirahuri byabo n'amazi ashyushye mu gihe boza umusatsi, mu maso, cyangwa biyuhagira kugira ngo basukure ibirahuri. Ariko, ibi bishobora kwangiza cyane irangi ry'indorerwamo kandi bishobora gutuma indorerwamo zidakoreshwa. Ni ngombwa gushimangira ko indorerwamo zigomba gusukurwa gusa n'isabune idafunze neza hakoreshejwe amazi akonje!
Mu gusoza
Bitewe n’iterambere rihoraho ry’ikoranabuhanga ryo gusiga, ibikoresho bigezweho byo gusiga amaso byateye imbere cyane mu kohereza urumuri, kurwanya gushwanyagurika, no kurwanya kwanduza. Inyinshi muri lense za resin, lense za PC, na lense za acrylic zishobora guhaza ibyifuzo by’abantu bya buri munsi mu bijyanye n’imiterere y’imisego.
Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, indorerwamo z'amaso mu by'ukuri ni ibikoresho byoroshye cyane, bifitanye isano n'ikoranabuhanga ryo gusiga indorerwamo z'urukuta rwa firime, cyane cyane ibisabwa cyane mu gukoresha ubushyuhe. Hanyuma, ndakwibutsa: iyo umaze kubona ko urukuta rwa firime rw'indorerwamo zawe z'indorerwamo rwangiritse, zisimbuze ako kanya. Ntukigere ukomeza kuzikoresha nabi. Kwangiza urukuta rwa firime bishobora guhindura imikorere y'indorerwamo z'amaso. Nubwo indorerwamo z'amaso ari ikintu gito, ubuzima bw'amaso ni ingenzi cyane.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-21-2023