Lens imenyerewe kubantu benshi, kandi igira uruhare runini mugukosora myopiya mubirahure. Lens ifite ibice bitandukanye byo gutwikira, nk'icyatsi kibisi, ubururu, ubururu-umutuku, ndetse na zahabu nziza. Kwambara no gutaburura ibice bitwikiriye ni imwe mu mpamvu zingenzi zitera gusimbuza indorerwamo z'amaso, reka rero twige byinshi kubyerekeranye no gutwikira lens.
Iterambere rya lens
Mbere yo kuza kwa resin lens, ibirahuri byakoreshwaga. Ibyiza by'ibirahuri ni indangagaciro yo kwangirika cyane, kohereza urumuri rwinshi, no gukomera cyane, ariko kandi bifite ibibi nko guhura no kumeneka, biremereye, kandi bidafite umutekano.
Kugira ngo ukemure ibitagenda neza mu birahure, inganda zakoze ibikoresho bitandukanye byo gusimbuza ibirahuri, ariko nta na kimwe cyiza. Buri bikoresho bifite ibyiza byacyo nibibi, kandi biragoye kugera kuburinganire. Ibi biranakoreshwa muburyo bwa resin lens (ibikoresho bya resin).
Kuri resin lens ya none, gutwikira ni inzira ikenewe. Ibikoresho bya resin bifite kandi ibyiciro byinshi, nka MR-7, MR-8, CR-39, PC, NK-55-C, nibindi bikoresho byinshi bya resin, buri kimwe gifite imiterere itandukanye. Utitaye ku kuba ari ikirahuri cy'ikirahure cyangwa lens ya resin, urumuri runyura hejuru yinzira ruzahura nibintu bitandukanye bya optique: gutekereza, kuvunika, kwinjiza, gutatanya, no kwanduza.
Gupfundikanya lens hamwe na firime irwanya ibitekerezo
Mbere yuko urumuri rugera ku buso bwa lens, ni ingufu z'umucyo 100%, ariko iyo zisohotse kandi zikinjira mu jisho, ntizaba zikiri ingufu z'umucyo 100%. Iyo ijanisha ryinshi ryingufu zumucyo, nikohereza urumuri, kandi nuburyo bwiza bwo gufata amashusho no gukemura.
Kubikoresho byihariye bya lens, kugabanya igihombo cyo gutekereza nuburyo busanzwe bwo kongera urumuri. Umucyo ugaragara cyane, niko kugabanuka kwinzira, bikavamo ubuziranenge bwibishusho. Kubwibyo, kugabanya imitekerereze byabaye ikibazo resin lens igomba gukemura, kandi firime yo kurwanya (firime ya AR) yakoreshejwe kumurongo (mu ikubitiro, impuzu zirwanya imiti zakoreshwaga kuri optique).
Filime irwanya-gukoresha ikoresha ihame ryo kwivanga kugirango ikure isano iri hagati yubushyuhe bwurumuri rwerekana lens ya coated lens anti-reflective layer hamwe nuburebure bwumucyo wurumuri rwibyabaye, ubunini bwurwego rwa firime, indangagaciro yerekana ibice bya firime, na indangantego yo kwangirika ya lens substrate, ituma urumuri runyura murwego rwa firime rushobora guhagarika undi, kugabanya gutakaza ingufu zumucyo hejuru yinzira no kunoza ubwiza bwamashusho no gukemura.
Kurwanya anti-reflive akenshi bikoresha okiside yicyuma cyiza cyane nka titanium dioxyde na cobalt oxyde, ishyirwa hejuru yinzira binyuze mumyuka (vacuum deposition) kugirango igere ku ngaruka nziza zo kurwanya. Kurwanya anti-reflice akenshi bisiga ibisigazwa, kandi ibice byinshi bya firime bigizwe ahanini nicyatsi kibisi.
Ibara rya firime irwanya kwigaragaza irashobora kugenzurwa, kurugero, gukora firime yubururu, firime yubururu-violet, firime ya violet, firime yumukara, nibindi. Amashusho atandukanye ya firime atandukanye afite itandukaniro mubikorwa byo gukora. Kurugero, firime yubururu bivuze ko kugaragariza hasi bigomba kugenzurwa, kandi ingorane zo gutwikira ziruta iz'icyatsi kibisi. Ariko, itandukaniro ryohereza urumuri hagati ya firime yubururu nicyatsi irashobora kuba munsi ya 1%.
Mu bicuruzwa bya lens, firime yubururu ikunze kugaragara cyane hagati yinzira ndende. Ihame, ihererekanyabubasha rya firime yubururu risumba iry'icyatsi kibisi (menya ko ibi ari ihame) kuko urumuri ni uruvange rwuburebure butandukanye, kandi uburebure butandukanye bufite imyanya itandukanye kuri retina. Mubihe bisanzwe, itara ry'umuhondo-icyatsi ryashushanijwe neza kuri retina, kandi amakuru agaragara yatanzwe numucyo wicyatsi ni muremure cyane, kuburyo ijisho ryumuntu ryumva urumuri rwatsi.
Gupfundika lens hamwe na firime ikomeye
Usibye kohereza urumuri, resin n'ibirahuri byombi bifite inenge igaragara: lens ntizigoye bihagije.
Igisubizo nugukemura ibi wongeyeho firime ikomeye.
Ubuso bukomeye bwibirahuri byikirahure ni hejuru cyane (muri rusange hasigara ibimenyetso bike iyo byashushanijwe nibintu bisanzwe), ariko siko bimeze kumurongo wa resin. Ibikoresho bya resin byashushanyije byoroshye nibintu bikomeye, byerekana ko bidashobora kwihanganira kwambara.
Kugirango utezimbere imyenda yo kwambara, birakenewe kongeramo firime ikomeye hejuru yububiko. Ipitingi ya firime ikunze gukoresha atome ya silicon kugirango ikomere, ikoresheje igisubizo gikomeye kirimo matrix organic na ultrafine organique organique harimo na silicon. Filime ikomeye icyarimwe ifite ubukana nubukomezi (urwego rwa firime hejuru yinzira irakomeye, kandi insimburangingo ya lens ntigabanuka, bitandukanye nikirahure kimeneka byoroshye).
Tekinoroji nyamukuru igezweho yo gutwika firime ni kwibiza. Gufata firime ikomeye birasa cyane, hafi 3-5 mm. Kuri resin lens hamwe na firime zikomeye, zirashobora kumenyekana nijwi ryo gukanda kuri desktop hamwe nuburanga bwamabara ya lens. Lens itanga amajwi asobanutse kandi ifite impande zijimye zavuwe bikomeye.
Gupfundika lens hamwe na firime irwanya ikosa.
Filime irwanya-kwerekana na firime ikomeye nuburyo bubiri bwibanze kuri resin lens kurubu. Mubisanzwe, firime ikomeye yashizwemo mbere, ikurikirwa na firime irwanya ibitekerezo. Bitewe nubushobozi buke bwibikoresho bya firime birwanya-kwerekana, hariho ukuvuguruzanya hagati yubushobozi bwo kurwanya no kurwanya amakosa. Kuberako firime irwanya kwigaragaza iri muburyo bubi, ikunze kwibasirwa cyane.
Igisubizo nukwongeramo urwego rwinyongera rwa firime irwanya ububi hejuru ya firime irwanya kwigaragaza. Filime irwanya ububi igizwe ahanini na fluoride, ishobora gutwikira ibice bya firime birwanya anti-reflive, kugabanya aho uhurira hagati y’amazi, amavuta, na lens, mu gihe bidahindura imikorere myiza ya firime irwanya ibitekerezo.
Hamwe no kwiyongera kwinshi mubisabwa, hashyizweho ibice byinshi bya firime bikora, nka firime ya polarizing, firime anti-static, firime irinda urumuri rwubururu, firime irwanya igihu, nibindi bice bya firime ikora. Ibikoresho bimwe bya lens, indangagaciro imwe yerekana indangagaciro, ibirango bitandukanye, ndetse no mubirango bimwe, hamwe nibikoresho bimwe, urukurikirane rw'ibice bitandukanye bifite ibiciro bitandukanye, kandi impuzu za lens nimwe mumpamvu. Hariho itandukaniro mubuhanga hamwe nubwiza bwimyenda.
Kubwoko bwinshi bwa firime, biragoye kubantu basanzwe kumenya itandukaniro. Nyamara, hari ubwoko bumwe bwo gutwikira aho ingaruka zishobora kugaragara byoroshye: urumuri rwubururu rufunga lens (tekinoroji ikunze gukoreshwa murwego rwohejuru rwubururu rufunga ubururu).
Itara ryiza ryubururu rihagarika lens yungurura urumuri rwubururu rwangiza muri 380-460nm unyuze mumucyo wubururu uhagarika firime. Ariko, hariho itandukaniro mubikorwa nyirizina mubicuruzwa biva mubakora inganda zitandukanye. Ibicuruzwa bitandukanye byerekana itandukaniro ryumucyo wubururu uhagarika imikorere, ibara ryibanze, no kohereza urumuri, mubisanzwe biganisha kubiciro bitandukanye.
Kurinda Lens
Lens coatings yunvikana n'ubushyuhe bwo hejuru. Ipitingi kuri linzira ikoreshwa nyuma kandi byose bisangiye intege nke: byumva ubushyuhe bwinshi. Kurinda impuzu za lens guturika birashobora kwongerera neza igihe cyo kubaho. Ibidukikije byihariye bikurikira bikunda guteza ibyangiritse kuri lens:
1.Gushyira ibirahuri kumwanya wimodoka mugihe cya sasita.
2.Kwambara ibirahuri cyangwa kubishyira hafi mugihe ukoresha sauna, kwiyuhagira, cyangwa koga mumasoko ashyushye.
3.Guteka mu gikoni ubushyuhe bwinshi bwa peteroli; niba amavuta ashyushye asuka kumurongo, arashobora guhita aturika.
4.Iyo kurya inkono ishyushye, niba isupu ishyushye isukuye kumurongo, irashobora guturika.
5.Gusiga ibirahuri hafi yibikoresho byo murugo bitanga ubushyuhe igihe kirekire, nk'itara ryameza, televiziyo, nibindi.
Usibye ingingo zavuzwe haruguru, ni ngombwa kandi kwirinda amazi akomeye ya acide cyangwa alkaline kugirango wirinde amakadiri cyangwa lens byangirika.
Guturika kwa lens hamwe no gushushanya biratandukanye cyane. Guturika biterwa no guhura nubushyuhe bwinshi cyangwa amavuta yimiti, mugihe ibishushanyo bituruka ku isuku idakwiye cyangwa ingaruka ziva hanze.
Mubyukuri, ibirahuri nibicuruzwa byoroshye. Bumva igitutu, kugwa, kunama, ubushyuhe bwinshi, hamwe namazi yangirika.
Kurinda imikorere ya optique ya firime, birakenewe:
1.Iyo ukuyemo ibirahuri byawe, ubishyire muburinzi kandi ubibike ahantu abana badashobora kugera.
2.Kuraho ibirahuri ukoresheje amazi atabogamye ukoresheje amazi akonje. Ntabwo byemewe gukoresha andi mazi yose kugirango usukure ibirahure.
3.Mu bihe byubushyuhe bwo hejuru (cyane cyane mugihe cyo kwiyuhagira cyangwa guteka), nibyiza kwambara ibirahure bishaje kugirango wirinde kwangirika kwinzira z ibirahure bishya.
Abantu bamwe barashobora kwoza ibirahuri n'amazi ashyushye mugihe boza umusatsi, mumaso, cyangwa kwiyuhagira kugirango ibirahure bisukure. Ariko, ibi birashobora rwose kwangiza cyane ibyingenzi kandi birashobora gutuma lens idakoreshwa. Ni ngombwa gushimangira ko ibirahuri bigomba guhanagurwa gusa hamwe nogukoresha amazi atabogamye ukoresheje amazi akonje!
Mu gusoza
hamwe niterambere ryikomeza ryikoranabuhanga rya coating, ibicuruzwa bigezweho byamaso byateye intambwe igaragara mugukwirakwiza urumuri, kurwanya ibishushanyo, hamwe no kurwanya ibicuruzwa. Ibyinshi mu bikoresho bya resin, PC PC, hamwe na acrylic lens birashobora guhaza ibyo abantu bakeneye buri munsi mubijyanye no gushushanya.
Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, indorerwamo zamaso mubyukuri nibicuruzwa byoroshye, bifitanye isano nubuhanga bwo gutwikira urwego rwa firime, cyane cyane ibisabwa cyane kugirango ukoreshe ubushyuhe. Ndangije, ndashaka kukwibutsa: numara kubona ibyangiritse kurwego rwa firime ya lens ya eyeglass yawe, hita ubisimbuza ako kanya. Ntuzigere ukomeza kubikoresha utitonze. Kwangirika kurwego rwa firime birashobora guhindura imikorere ya lens. Mugihe ama lens ari ikintu gito, ubuzima bwamaso nibyingenzi cyane.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-21-2023