Optometrie ntabwo ihwanye nindorerwamo
Abantu benshi bizera ko optometrie ari "kugerageza urugero rwo kureba kure" kandi ko nibamara kubona iki gisubizo, bashobora gukomeza guhuza amadarubindi. Nyamara, imiti ya optometrie ni "igipimo cyo gupima" gusa uko ibintu byangiritse kumaso yumuntu, kandi ntibishobora kuba byanze bikunze ibirahuri byiza. Optometrie na eyeglass bikwiye nibice bigize inzira yuzuye, kandi iyo bikozwe ukundi, ibibazo birashobora kuvuka.
Guhitamo ibirahuri by'amaso ni umurimo wa tekiniki.
Igihe kinini, abakiriya batekereza gusa "agaciro keza" mugihe bahisemo amakaramu yijisho. Niba ibirahuri by'amaso byari ibikoresho by'imyambarire gusa nk'imyenda, byumvikana. Ariko, amakadiri yijisho nayo afite inshingano zo gukosora amakosa yangiritse. Kubwibyo, usibye ubwiza, byibuze ibintu bitatu bigomba kwitabwaho:
1. Ingano yikadiri
Abantu bamwe bafite amatwi ashyizwe imbere, abandi bafite amatwi ashyizwe inyuma. Uburebure bwatoranijwe bwinsengero (amaboko) yindorerwamo zijisho bizatandukana. Niba insengero ari ndende cyane cyangwa ngufi cyane, irashobora kugira ingaruka kuri pantoskopi ihindagurika hamwe nintera ya vertex yikirahure. Nubwo imbuga nyinshi zo kugura kumurongo zitanga ibipimo byibirahure, biragoye guhitamo ikadiri ihuye neza utabanje kuyigerageza kumuntu.
2. Kwandikirwa ibirahuri bikwiranye
Kwandika kwa optometrie no guhitamo amakadiri y'amaso arahuzwa. Kurugero, kubantu bafite amakosa menshi yo kwanga, niba bahisemo ibipimo binini binini, ntabwo gusa lens izaba ndende kandi iremereye, ariko bizanagorana guhuza centre optique ya lens hamwe na centre yabanyeshuri. Ibi birashobora kugushikana mubihe bitameze neza aho ingohe zogejeje mugihe zihumye.
3. Koresha ibiboneka n'intego
Guhitamo amakadiri biratandukanye bitewe nibikenewe bitandukanye. Kubantu bakora imyitozo ngororamubiri isanzwe, birashoboka ko amakadiri afashe impande zimbere hamwe namaboko yurusengero agoramye kugirango ashobore guswera. Kubakorera kumeza igihe kinini, amakadiri hamwe na anti-slip izuru hamwe na lens zo hejuru zirakwiriye. Mugihe utwaye, amakadiri afite icyerekezo kinini cya periferique arahitamo, kandi amakadiri magufi arashobora gutanga icyerekezo cyiza cya periferiya.
Izi mpungenge zose zisaba optique wabigize umwuga kwitondera. Ihuza ryimiterere ya stilish irashobora kugenwa gusa nukwambara kwukuri, kwemeza ko ibipimo bihuye bikwiranye.
Ibibazo biva mubintu bidahuye
Utabanje kugerageza no gupima amakuru afatika yamakadiri manini, birashobora gukurura ibibazo hamwe nintera yabanyeshuri (PD). Kumara igihe kinini wambaye ibirahuri hamwe na PD idahwitse birashobora kuvamo ingaruka za prism, bigatera umunaniro wamaso kandi byihuta byiterambere rya myopiya.
Intera y'abanyeshuri (PD) ni intera iri hagati y'abanyeshuri b'amaso. Iyo uhuza ibirahure, hari ubwoko bubiri bwo gupima PD: intera PD na hafi ya PD. Intera PD bivuga igipimo cyafashwe mugihe umuntu yibanze ku ntego ya kure (ni ukuvuga intera iri hagati yikigo cyabanyeshuri mugihe amaso yombi areba imbere yerekeza kure). Hafi ya PD (NCD) ni gupima intera iri hagati yikigo cyabanyeshuri iyo bakora imirimo ya hafi.
Ni ngombwa kandi gusuzuma ikibazo cy'uburebure bw'abanyeshuri iyo bigeze ku birahure binini. Birakwiye ko tumenya ko uburebure bwabanyeshuri bwamaso yombi budashobora kuba byanze bikunze kurwego rumwe. Inararibonye za optique zizakoresha uburyo bwo gutekereza kuri corneal kugirango hamenyekane neza uburebure bwabanyeshuri. Kwihanganirana mu cyerekezo gihanze amaso yumuntu biroroshye. Niba uburebure bwa optique hagati yuburebure bwakozwe neza budahuye nuburebure bwabanyeshuri, birashobora kuvamo ingaruka za prism kandi biganisha kumunaniro wamaso.
Ukuri kwa Optometrie
01Bitewe nibintu nkibidukikije bya optometrie hamwe nigihe cyo kwambara linzira yo kugerageza, hashobora kubaho ihindagurika mubisubizo bya optometrie. Kurugero, hashobora kubaho itandukaniro hagati ya optometrie ikorwa mugitondo na nyuma ya saa sita. Mubisanzwe, ibyanditswe nyuma ya saa sita birashobora kuba hejuru gato ugereranije na mugitondo kubera umunaniro ugaragara uba wuzuye umunsi wose. Muguhitamo ibikoresho bya optometrie, nibyingenzi guhitamo ikigo cyumwuga kandi cyubahwa kugirango tumenye neza ibisubizo bya optometrie.
02Ukuri kwandikirwa kurashobora gutandukana kuri buri jisho ryumuntu. Mugihe cya optometrie, optometrie ya mudasobwa irashobora kuba nkibisobanuro, ariko ntigomba na rimwe gufatwa nkibisobanuro byanyuma byikirahure. Optometriste akeneye kubaza muburyo burambuye kubyerekeye ihumure ryuwambaye kandi agahora agenzura kandi akanagenzura imbaraga za serefegitura (kurebera kure, kureba kure) hamwe na silindrike (astigmatism) kugirango abone uburinganire bwiza no guhuza neza umurongo wa astigmatism.
Kugaragaza Indwara Zijisho Nisuzuma ryimikorere
Umwuga optometrie ukubiyemo ibirenze gutanga ubushishozi no kureba kure. Harimo kandi ibizamini byingenzi bidashobora gukorwa kumurongo:
Examination Isuzuma ryambere ryamaso: Kwirinda indwara zifata amaso.
Assessment Isuzuma ryimikorere igaragara: Isuzumabushobozi ryimikorere itatu yibikorwa hamwe nuburaro bwa ocular hamwe nibizamini byo guhuza.
Ergonomics yimyenda yijisho ikwiranye: Pantoscopic ihengamye, intera ya vertex, hamwe na optique ya centre.
Ibipimo byihariye no kwihitiramo bisaba kumenya ibisubizo by'ibizamini.
Amakuru Yerekana Ibisubizo Bikwiye
Imyenda yijisho kumurongo ihuza amakuru cyane cyane itanga amakuru kumakosa yangiritse (kurebera kure, kureba kure) hamwe nintera yabanyeshuri, nibyingenzi kugirango bikwiranye ibirahure. Ariko, hariho izindi ngingo nyinshi zamakuru zishobora kugira ingaruka kubisubizo bikwiye, nkumwanya wamaso, umwanya wamatwi, intera ya vertex, pantoskopi ihengamye, hamwe na optique yo hagati.
Usibye amakuru yavuzwe haruguru, ndetse nubunini bwikadiri burashobora guhindura cyane ibisubizo bikwiye. Kwambara ibirahure binini birashobora kugushikana kuri chromatic aberration n'ingaruka za prism. Ibi ni ukuri cyane cyane kuri myopiya yo hejuru, kuko amakadiri manini ashobora kuvamo impande zinini cyane, bigatanga inyungu zinzira ndende kandi bigatera urwego rwo hejuru rwingaruka za prism, biganisha ku kuzunguruka. Kubwibyo, mugihe uhisemo amakadiri, nibyingenzi guhitamo amakadiri afite ibipimo biboneye hashingiwe kubisubizo byikizamini kugirango bibe bikwiye kandi bibereye, aho kwibanda gusa kumiterere.
Ibipimo byubuziranenge hamwe na nyuma yo gukosorwa
Mumyenda yijisho kumurongo ikwiranye, mugihe ibirahuri byakiriwe nabakiriya, birakenewe kwemeza ihumure ryo kwambara no gusuzuma ibyo wanditse. Guhindura amazuru, insengero, nibindi, bigomba gukorwa hashingiwe kumpanuro imbona nkubone. Nubwo ibirahuri bisa nkaho byoroshye, niyo amakosa yoroheje arashobora gutuma bitoroha kwambara no gutesha agaciro ubwiza bwibonekeje. Itandukaniro ryamakuru rirashobora kongera umunaniro wamaso ndetse bikarushaho gukomera.
Mu mwanzuro
Ikirahuri cyujuje ibyangombwa ntabwo gifasha abantu gukora no kwiga neza gusa ahubwo binatanga ubuzima bwiza. Imyenda yo kumurongo ikwiye itanga ibyiza nko guhendwa, uburyo butandukanye, hamwe nuburyo bworoshye. Ariko, ntitugomba na rimwe kwibagirwa umugambi wambere wo guhuza ibirahure. Gusa ibirahuri byujuje ubuziranenge bwamaso nibyo twifuza rwose.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-15-2023